The result demonstrates high modelling efficiency and provides one new concept for 3 D virtual human geometric mod-eling and texture modeling. Finally, the modeling application, which takes a Chinese captain character as an example, is carried out to validate the virtual human rapid modeling method based on top-down modeling mechanism. Standardized process is meanwhile produced to support and adapt the virtual human top-down rapid modeling practice operation. While the relationship of connectors and mapping restraints among different modules is established, the definition of the size and texture parameter is also completed. After the top-level realization of virtual human hierarchical structure frame de-sign, modular expression of the virtual human and parameter design for each module is achieved gradu-al-level downwards. Photo-realistic, Scalable, Geo-referenced virtual 3ģ D virtual human rapid modeling method based on top-down modeling mechanismĭirectory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)įull Text Available Aiming to satisfy the vast custom-made character demand of 3 D virtual human and the rapid modeling in the field of 3 D virtual reality, a new virtual human top-down rapid modeling method is put for-ward in this paper based on the systematic analysis of the current situation and shortage of the virtual hu-man modeling technology. Point cloud model is a modern trend for virtual 3- D city model. Each and every techniques and method has some advantages and some drawbacks. Photogrammetry, (Close range, Aerial, Satellite), Lasergrammetry, GPS, or combination of these modern Geomatics techniques play a major role to create a virtual 3- D City model. This paper gives an overview about the Techniques related with "Generation of Virtual 3- D City models using Geomatics Techniques" and the Applications of Virtual 3 D City models. In the last, we are trying to give the conclusions of this research paper and also giving a short view for justification and analysis, and present trend for 3 D City modeling. After details study of this, finally in short, we are trying to give the conclusions of this study. These techniques divided in to two main categories: one is based on Automation (Automatic, Semi-automatic and Manual methods), and another is Based on Data input techniques (one is Photogrammetry, another is Laser Techniques). We start this paper from the introduction of various Geomatics techniques for 3 D City modeling. Generally three main Geomatics approach are using for Virtual 3- D City models generation, in first approach, researcher are using Conventional techniques such as Vector Map data, DEM, Aerial images, second approach are based on High resolution satellite images with LASER scanning, In third method, many researcher are using Terrestrial images by using Close Range Photogrammetry with DSM & Texture mapping. 3 D city models are basically a computerized or digital model of a city contains the graphic representation of buildings and other objects in 2.5 or 3 D. There are various terms used for 3 D city models such as "Cybertown", "Cybercity", " Virtual City", or "Digital City". Virtual 3 d City Modeling: Techniques and Applicationsģ D city model is a digital representation of the Earth's surface and it's related objects such as Building, Tree, Vegetation, and some manmade feature belonging to urban area.
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